How to enable VNC server (get GUI remotely) in CentOS 7, RHEL 7, CentOS 8 and RHEL 8 servers.
Minimum requirements to connect a server remotely
to access GUI are:
1.
Display server
running in your workstation (I used MobaXterm. Software like Xming and VNC
clients are also can be used.)
2.
Server running with
GNOM workstation and VNC server.
As I
mentioned above, I have “MobaXterm” installed in my laptop that will work as a display
server to connect my CentOS or RHEL server remotely. You may download it from here. It is very easy to
use. If you have restrictions to install it in your laptop, then you can use
the portable version of it. It can be just executed like PuTTy.
To make sure my CentOS or RHEL server
running with Desktop software, I use below commands to install them.
In CentOS 7 or RHEL 7:
[root@labsrv1
~]# yum groupinstall “GNOME Desktop”
In CentOS 8 or RHEL 8:
[root@labsrv1
~]# yum groupinstall "Server with
GUI
To install the VNC server, use the below
command. Install its dependencies as well, if it prompts for the same.
[root@labsrv1
~]# yum install tigervnc-server tigervnc-server-module
Let’s start configuring the VNC server
now.
1.
Copy the file /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service [in RHEL/CentOS 7 servers] or /usr/lib/systemd/user/vncserver@.service [in RHEL/CentOS 8 servers] to /etc/systemd/system directory. If you
are not sure on the location of the source file “vncserver@.service” then search for
it using command “find
/ -name vncserver@.service”
RHEL7 or CentOS 7
[root@labsrv1 ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:3.service
Question:
Why did we use vncserver@:3.service? Details are below.
RHEL8 or CentOS 8
[root@labsrv1 ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/user/vncserver@.service
/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service
2.
Edit the file /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service and provide the required details as shown in the below snippet.
Note: The configuration file looks different
in both 7 & 8 versions of RHEL & CentOS. I got snippet for both below.
CentOS/RHEL 7:
CentOS/RHEL 8:
In this case I used a user called “vnc” as shown
in above pictures to access the GUI through vncserver. You may use any user to
access it. Only you need to have the password created for VNC access as shown
below.
[vnc@labsrv1
~]$ vncpasswd
3.
Now enable the
service and start them. The commands are given below. Once you started the
service you can see the status of port 5903 in the netstat command
output. Any port number can be used as you wish to access VNC, in this case I
used 3 (5903) for it. So, I started the service with port 3 as below.
[root@labsrv1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@labsrv1 ~]# systemctl start
vncserver@:3.service
[root@labsrv1 ~]# systemctl enable
vncserver@:3.service
Created symlink
/etc/systemd/system/default.target.wants/vncserver@:3.service →
/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service.
[root@labsrv1 ~]#
Check the status of vncserver now.
[root@labsrv1 ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:3.service
Now check whether the
port 5903 is up.
[root@labsrv1 ~]# netstat -an |grep 5903
4. As I said above the port 5903 is used for
VNC server. We need to enable this port in firewall to enable the connection to
establish. Below commands will enable the port in firewall and reload the
firewall service.
[root@labsrv1 ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public
--add-port=5903/tcp
[root@labsrv1 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
5.
Now the configuration
is ready, we see that the service is up and running, port 5903 is listening and
firewall rules are in place. The next action is to connect and get the server
through GUI.
To connect the
server remotely and get the GUI, we need meet two requirements.
1.
A server running as
DISPLAY server.
2.
A VNC client.
MobaXterm will do these two functionalities.
Now, lets see how we can connect through MobaXterm. The below steps describe the
procedure.
·
Open MobaXterm and click
on the “Session” button as shown in
the below picture (showed in red squire).
·
Select VNC, provide
IP address/server name, Port number and click on OK button.
·
When it prompts for
the password, provide the password which we set for user “vnc” by “vncpasswd”
command.
·
If you want to save
the password forever, click OK when it prompts for it.
Not you got the GUI and see that you
logged in to the server as user “vnc”.
You may also follow these instructions to
get your VNC server installed and configured. In case of any support, you may
either give your comment below or connect with consulting.
Good luck 😊
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